Pupillometer Market (By Mobility: Table-top, Hand-held; By Type: Video, Digital; By End-use: Hospitals, Eye Clinics; By Application: Ophthalmology, Oncology) - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, Revenue, Regional Outlook and Forecast 2022-2030

The global pupillometer market was valued at USD 332.6 million in 2021 and it is predicted to surpass around USD 674.4 million by 2030 with a CAGR of 8.17% from 2022 to 2030

Pupillometer Market Size 2021 to 2030

Report Highlights

  • The table-top pupillometer segment held a higher market share of 54.6% of the global revenue in 2021. 
  • The hand-held pupillometers segment is expected to expand at the fastest growth rate during the forecast period. 
  • The video pupillometer segment held the largest revenue share of 56.6% in 2021 and is expected to advance at a significant rate during the forecast period. 
  • The digital pupillometer segment is expected to experience the fastest growth rate during the forecast period. 
  • The ophthalmology segment held the largest revenue share of 49.5% in 2021.
  • The hospitals segment held the largest revenue share of 49.8% in 2021 in terms of end-use.
  • North America dominated the market and accounted for around 26.36% share of global revenue in 2021.
  • The Asia Pacific region is expected to expand at the fastest rate during the forecast period. 

Adoption of pupillometry is on the rise as an assessment examination for diagnosing various health conditions. This growth in adoption is leading to the development of advanced pupillometer devices for faster and more accurate diagnosis.

Research has shown that a large number of neurological disorders have a direct impact on pupil size and hence can be diagnosed through pupillometry exams. Moreover, understanding the changes occurring in pupil characteristics helps clinicians in performing various neurological surgeries. Pupillometers are widely being used in critical care units, as pupillometry is becoming a protocol for primary diagnosis.

The pupillary light reflex (PLR) acts as an indication and clinical parameter for diagnosing various diseases. Since the demand for pupillometers is increasing, many nursing, educational, and research centers are providing training regarding pupillometry. These pieces of training help in increasing the number of skilled professionals. Pupillometry is becoming a prerequisite in many settings; therefore, companies are developing integrated devices with pupillometry to provide settings such as hospitals with all-in-one devices.

Market players are participating in trade shows and exhibitions, and are conducting conferences to increase awareness regarding pupillometry and the reach of their pupillometers. Additionally, these market players are developing handheld devices to resolve the issue of mobility and to increase the accessibility of the device in various settings. Moreover, companies have come up with technologically advanced software which can be installed on mobile devices to complete the process of pupillometry through mobile.

Video pupillometer is preferred more, as it helps in capturing the entire procedure of pupil dilation in a more detailed manner. The video pupillometer helps in capturing the pupil characteristics and its reactivity over time, which in turn is expected to enhance the diagnosis process. On the other hand, the development of digital pupillometers is gaining momentum. The digital pupillometer offers advantages such as mobility, accuracy, instant results, and efficiency. These devices help in conducting rapid assessments, which, in turn, is expected to boost the overall market growth.

Scope of The Report

Report Coverage Details
Market Size in 2021 USD 332.6 million
Revenue Forecast by 2030 USD 674.4 million
Growth rate from 2022 to 2030 CAGR of 8.17%
Base Year 2021
Forecast Period 2022 to 2030
Segmentation Mobility, type, end-use, application, region
Companies Covered NeurOptics, Inc.; Adaptica; Essilor Instruments USA; HAAG-STREIT GROUP; Johnson & Johnson Vision; Luneau Technology Group; NIDEK CO., LTD.; Reichert Technologies; SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions; US Ophthalmic; Konan Medical; Brightlamp, Inc.

 

Mobility Insights

The table-top pupillometer segment held a higher market share of 54.6% of the global revenue in 2021. A large number of pupillometers come in combination with other devices such as keratometers, pachymeters, wavefront aberrometers, corneal topographers, and others. These combined pupillometers, mainly table-top pupillometers, are installed in various facilities such as hospitals.

Market players like HAAG-STREIT GROUP, Johnson & Johnson Vision, and SCHWIND eye-tech solutions are developing combined table-top pupillometer devices. In November 2017, Johnson & Johnson Vision announced the launch of a series of products in various portfolios at the American Academy of Ophthalmology 2017 Meeting. The company introduced the iDESIGN system, which received approval from the FDA for expanded indications. The system gathers readings such as information regarding wavefront refraction, corneal topography, wavefront aberrometry, pupillometry, and keratometry.

Similarly, SCHWIND eye-tech solutions have also developed the SCHWIND Combi Wavefront Analyzer. This analyzer combines the capabilities of SCHWIND PERAMIS and SCHWIND SIRIUS into a 3-in-1 solution. An integrated pupillometry function of the system helps in capturing the pupil diameter either statically or dynamically. On the basis of mobility, the pupillometer market is segmented into table-top and hand-held.

The hand-held pupillometers segment is expected to expand at the fastest growth rate during the forecast period. A hand-held pupillometer allows the user to efficiently and accurately obtain the pupil image, which can be helpful in diagnosing various neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's. Moreover, the easy mobility of the hand-held pupillometer has led to its increasing development and adoption. NeurOptics is one of the leading players in the market that develops hand-held pupillometer for critical care as well as applied research.

Additionally, companies such as Adaptica have come up with a combined hand-held device called 2WIN, which includes pupillometry as a feature. The dynamic pupillometry (DP-App), which is an additional feature of the product, helps in detecting pupillary changes, pupil distance, and pupil size. The development of advanced hand-held pupillometers is expected to propel the overall segment growth during the forecast period.

Type Insights

The video pupillometer segment held the largest revenue share of 56.6% in 2021 and is expected to advance at a significant rate during the forecast period. Video pupillometer helps in capturing the entire activity of pupil dilation, which helps in understanding the changes and reason for the same. 

NeurOptics is a company that deals in the science of pupillometry by developing innovative technologies to help clinicians in providing better patient care. The company has come up with various video pupillometers for critical care as well as applied research. NPi-200 pupillometer is a video pupillometer developed by NeurOptics for critical care. This product is equipped with an infrared camera, processor, high-precision optics, and LED light source. The video feature of this product helps in capturing the changes in pupil size and its reactivity over time.

VIP-300 pupillometer, PLR-3000 pupillometer, and DP-2000 are also video pupillometers by NeurOptics that are used for applied research. Some of these video pupillometers are hand-held, whereas some are tabletop. These devices store data of the pupil measurement which can later be played or recalled on a screen. This, in turn, helps in increasing the efficiency of clinicians while capturing pupil movement, pupil size, and other changes in the pupil due to medication or disease.

Additionally, the integrated systems by various market players such as Essilor and HAAG-STREIT also include video pupillometry in their products. LENSTAR LS 900 and APS by HAAG-STREIT and Wave Analyzer Medica (WAM) 700 by Essilor are a few of the combined devices with video pupillometer. Based on type, the global pupillometer industry is fragmented into video and digital segments.

The digital pupillometer segment is expected to experience the fastest growth rate during the forecast period. The product helps in an accurate and rapid assessment of pupil size. This device captures several frames in a second and averages the measurements to determine pupil dilation. A digital pupillometer helps in capturing all the fluctuations happening in the pupillary response, which in turn enhances the detection of neurological diseases. Market players such as Essilor, Luneau Technology Group, and Reichert Technologies have developed digital pupillometers for proper diagnosis.

Application Insights

The ophthalmology segment held the largest revenue share of 49.5% in 2021, owing to the rising usage of pupillometry for checking pupil dilation, which, in turn, helps in assessing retinal diseases. Pupillary light reflex helps in assessing visual system functionality. Pupillometry identifies differences in the response of melanopsin and cone/rod photoreceptors to understand the damage to the outer and inner retina.

Additionally, the measurement of pupil size helps refractive surgeons in understanding the after-effects of LASIK surgery. Patients measured for large pupils are likely to have increased post-LASIK visual disturbances in scotopic conditions. This increases the adoption of pupillometry in ophthalmic diagnostics, which is expected to enhance the overall segment growth. On the basis of application, the market is segmented into ophthalmology, neurology, oncology, and others.

Neurology held a significant share and is expected to expand at the fastest growth rate during the forecast period. Various studies are being conducted regarding the usage of pupillometry in diagnosing neurological disorders. The examination of pupillary light reflex (PLR) is helpful in neurological assessment. PLR assessment helps in examining the functional status of the optical nerve and oculomotor nerve. Impaired PLR is the risk indicator of the horizontal shift of the intracranial tissues or central brain herniation.

Usage of a non-invasive tool like a pupillometer helps in monitoring the neurological conditions of patients in the ICU. A pupillometer helps in measuring pupil constriction, pupil size, dilation velocities, and latency. Growing usage of pupillometer in the field of neurology is driving its development by market players. NeurOptics NPi-200 is a critical care pupillometer by NeurOptics, which is used in neurological care units to assess neurological procedures.

Usage of pupillometry in the field of oncology is gradually increasing. Clinical trial studies are being conducted to understand the effectiveness and efficiency of pupillometry in oncology. Pupillometry for brain tumors is in practice across various settings, whereas studies are being conducted to understand the depth of anesthesia using a pupillometer for health conditions such as breast cancer, thyroid tumor, and stroke.

Determination of pupil size, pupillary response, pupillary unrest, and other pupillary characteristics can be an indication of conditions such as head trauma, brain tumor, or stroke. Therefore, a growing number of studies regarding pupillometry in oncology is expected to contribute to the segment growth during the forecast period.

End-use Insights

The hospitals segment held the largest revenue share of 49.8% in 2021 in terms of end-use, owing to the increasing adoption of pupillometers in this setting. Pupillometer developed by NeurOptics has been adopted by 400 hospitals around the U.S., thus contributing to the growth of the segment. Additionally, the growing usage of pupillometers in critical care units is also expected to contribute to the segment growth. NeurOptics pupillometer is used in various critical care units such as neurocritical care, medical intensive care, emergency department, and cardiac intensive care.

The eye clinic segment is expected to advance at the fastest rate during the forecast period. Various eye clinic diagnostic departments have included pupillometry as one of the major diagnostic procedures. Ophthalmic clinics have involved pupillometry in their diagnostic examinations and prevention control departments. Pupillometry is used as a pre-operative measure along with wavefront technology in the clinic before refractive surgery, to avoid post-surgery vision problems.

London Vision Clinic Partners Ltd. also used pupillometry as an assessment test before ophthalmic surgeries. Pupillometry results help in determining the type of laser treatment required for the eye. Therefore, the growing adoption of pupillometry by various eye clinics is expected to enhance the segment growth during the forecast period. 

The other segment includes research institutions, research centers, and education centers/associations. Research institutions and centers are conducting research to understand the efficiency and effectiveness of pupillometry in other applications such as oncology. On the other hand, since the adoption of pupillometry is increasing in the field of neurology, this is driving education centers or associations to include it as one of the segments.

The new Core Curriculum for Neuroscience Nursing by the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses (AANN) has included a section on automated pupillary assessment. This section talks about the usage of pupillometers to understand pupillary reactivity in an objective, consistent, and quantifiable way.

Regional Insights

North America dominated the market and accounted for around 26.36% share of global revenue in 2021, owing to the increasing prevalence of vision-related problems and neurological disorders in the regional population. Additionally, the adoption and installation of a pupillometer across various settings in the U.S. are expected to drive the overall market growth.

Major market players such as NeurOptics are headquartered in the U.S. and developing advanced pupillometers for enhanced diagnosis in the country. Moreover, the company is also researching the usage of pupillometers in various critical care fields to increase its product reach for different health conditions.

The Asia Pacific region is expected to expand at the fastest rate during the forecast period. The growing availability of pupillometer in the region through various online platforms and suppliers is expected to contribute to the segment growth. Additionally, global market players such as NeurOptics, Johnson & Johnson Vision, and Konan Medical are providing a pupillometer through their subsidiaries.

NeurOptics is providing its pupillometer through its distributors Hansraj Nayyar Medical India, IMI Co., and Neuroplus, in India, Japan, and South Korea respectively. Furthermore, the presence of global players such as NIDEK has also increased the availability and accessibility of pupillometer in the region.

Europe is also expected to progress at a considerable rate during the forecast period. Major market players such as SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions, Luneau Technology Group, and HAAG-STREIT GROUP are located in the region and are developing advanced digital as well as video pupillometers. Additionally, these market players are incorporating pupillometry in various other ophthalmic diagnostic devices, and hence are offering integrated products. These products are expected to replace traditional products, thus boosting the market growth.

Key Players

  • NeurOptics, Inc.
  • Adaptica
  • Essilor Instruments USA
  • HAAG-STREIT GROUP
  • Johnson & Johnson Vision
  • Luneau Technology Group
  • NIDEK CO., LTD. 
  • Reichert Technologies
  • SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions
  • US Ophthalmic
  • Konan Medical
  • brightlamp, Inc.

Market Segmentation

  • By Mobility Outlook
    • Table-top
    • Hand-held
  • By Type Outlook
    • Video
    • Digital
  • By End-use Outlook
    • Hospitals
    • Eye Clinics
    • Others
  • By Application Outlook
    • Ophthalmology
    • Neurology
    • Oncology
    • Others
  • By Regional Outlook
    • North America
    • U.S.
    • Canada
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • U.K.
    • France
    • Italy
    • Spain
    • Russia
    • The Netherlands
    • Switzerland
    • Turkey
    • Poland
  • Asia Pacific
    • China
    • Japan
    • India
    • Thailand
    • South Korea
    • Indonesia
    • Taiwan
    • Hong Kong
    • Philippines
    • Malaysia
  • Latin America
    • Brazil
    • Mexico
    • Argentina
    • Colombia
    • Chile
  • Middle East & Africa
    • South Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE
    • Kuwait
    • Qatar

Chapter 1. Introduction

1.1. Research Objective

1.2. Scope of the Study

1.3. Definition

Chapter 2. Research Methodology

2.1. Research Approach

2.2. Data Sources

2.3. Assumptions & Limitations

Chapter 3. Executive Summary

3.1. Market Snapshot

Chapter 4. Market Variables and Scope 

4.1. Introduction

4.2. Market Classification and Scope

4.3. Industry Value Chain Analysis

4.3.1. Raw Material Procurement Analysis 

4.3.2. Sales and Distribution Channel Analysis

4.3.3. Downstream Buyer Analysis

Chapter 5. COVID 19 Impact on Pupillometer Market 

5.1. COVID-19 Landscape: Pupillometer Industry Impact

5.2. COVID 19 - Impact Assessment for the Industry

5.3. COVID 19 Impact: Global Major Government Policy

5.4. Market Trends and Opportunities in the COVID-19 Landscape

Chapter 6. Market Dynamics Analysis and Trends

6.1. Market Dynamics

6.1.1. Market Drivers

6.1.2. Market Restraints

6.1.3. Market Opportunities

6.2. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis

6.2.1. Bargaining power of suppliers

6.2.2. Bargaining power of buyers

6.2.3. Threat of substitute

6.2.4. Threat of new entrants

6.2.5. Degree of competition

Chapter 7. Competitive Landscape

7.1.1. Company Market Share/Positioning Analysis

7.1.2. Key Strategies Adopted by Players

7.1.3. Vendor Landscape

7.1.3.1. List of Suppliers

7.1.3.2. List of Buyers

Chapter 8. Global Pupillometer Market, By Mobility

8.1. Pupillometer Market, by Mobility, 2022-2030

8.1.1. Table-top

8.1.1.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2017-2030)

8.1.2. Hand-held

8.1.2.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2017-2030)

Chapter 9. Global Pupillometer Market, By Type

9.1. Pupillometer Market, by Type e, 2022-2030

9.1.1. Video

9.1.1.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2017-2030)

9.1.2. Digital

9.1.2.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2017-2030)

Chapter 10. Global Pupillometer Market, By End-use 

10.1. Pupillometer Market, by End-use, 2022-2030

10.1.1. Hospitals

10.1.1.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2017-2030)

10.1.2. Eye Clinics

10.1.2.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2017-2030)

10.1.3. Others

10.1.3.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2017-2030)

Chapter 11. Global Pupillometer Market, By Application 

11.1. Pupillometer Market, by Application, 2022-2030

11.1.1. Ophthalmology

11.1.1.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2017-2030)

11.1.2. Neurology

11.1.2.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2017-2030)

11.1.3. Oncology

11.1.3.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2017-2030)

11.1.4. Others

11.1.4.1. Market Revenue and Forecast (2017-2030)

Chapter 12. Global Pupillometer Market, Regional Estimates and Trend Forecast

12.1. North America

12.1.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.1.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.1.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.1.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.1.5. U.S.

12.1.5.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.1.5.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.1.5.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.1.5.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.1.6. Rest of North America

12.1.6.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.1.6.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.1.6.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.1.6.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.2. Europe

12.2.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.2.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.2.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.2.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.2.5. UK

12.2.5.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.2.5.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.2.5.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.2.5.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.2.6. Germany

12.2.6.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.2.6.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.2.6.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.2.6.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.2.7. France

12.2.7.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.2.7.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.2.7.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.2.7.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.2.8. Rest of Europe

12.2.8.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.2.8.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.2.8.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.2.8.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.3. APAC

12.3.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.3.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.3.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.3.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.3.5. India

12.3.5.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.3.5.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.3.5.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.3.5.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.3.6. China

12.3.6.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.3.6.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.3.6.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.3.6.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.3.7. Japan

12.3.7.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.3.7.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.3.7.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.3.7.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.3.8. Rest of APAC

12.3.8.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.3.8.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.3.8.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.3.8.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.4. MEA

12.4.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.4.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.4.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.4.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.4.5. GCC

12.4.5.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.4.5.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.4.5.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.4.5.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.4.6. North Africa

12.4.6.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.4.6.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.4.6.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.4.6.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.4.7. South Africa

12.4.7.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.4.7.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.4.7.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.4.7.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.4.8. Rest of MEA

12.4.8.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.4.8.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.4.8.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.4.8.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.5. Latin America

12.5.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.5.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.5.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.5.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.5.5. Brazil

12.5.5.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.5.5.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.5.5.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.5.5.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

12.5.6. Rest of LATAM

12.5.6.1. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Mobility (2017-2030)

12.5.6.2. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Type (2017-2030)

12.5.6.3. Market Revenue and Forecast, by End-use (2017-2030)

12.5.6.4. Market Revenue and Forecast, by Application (2017-2030)

Chapter 13. Company Profiles

13.1. NeurOptics, Inc.

13.1.1. Company Overview

13.1.2. Product Offerings

13.1.3. Financial Performance

13.1.4. Recent Initiatives

13.2. Adaptica

13.2.1. Company Overview

13.2.2. Product Offerings

13.2.3. Financial Performance

13.2.4. Recent Initiatives

13.3. Essilor Instruments USA

13.3.1. Company Overview

13.3.2. Product Offerings

13.3.3. Financial Performance

13.3.4. Recent Initiatives

13.4. HAAG-STREIT GROUP

13.4.1. Company Overview

13.4.2. Product Offerings

13.4.3. Financial Performance

13.4.4. Recent Initiatives

13.5. Johnson & Johnson Vision

13.5.1. Company Overview

13.5.2. Product Offerings

13.5.3. Financial Performance

13.5.4. Recent Initiatives

13.6. Luneau Technology Group

13.6.1. Company Overview

13.6.2. Product Offerings

13.6.3. Financial Performance

13.6.4. Recent Initiatives

13.7. NIDEK CO., LTD.

13.7.1. Company Overview

13.7.2. Product Offerings

13.7.3. Financial Performance

13.7.4. Recent Initiatives

13.8. Reichert Technologies

13.8.1. Company Overview

13.8.2. Product Offerings

13.8.3. Financial Performance

13.8.4. Recent Initiatives

13.9. SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions

13.9.1. Company Overview

13.9.2. Product Offerings

13.9.3. Financial Performance

13.9.4. Recent Initiatives

13.10. US Ophthalmic

13.10.1. Company Overview

13.10.2. Product Offerings

13.10.3. Financial Performance

13.10.4. Recent Initiatives

Chapter 14. Research Methodology

14.1. Primary Research

14.2. Secondary Research

14.3. Assumptions

Chapter 15. Appendix

15.1. About Us

15.2. Glossary of Terms

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